MenuLiverpool University Press

Aglioti, S., Beltramello, A., Girardi, F. and Fabbro, F. (1996) ‘Neurolinguistic and Follow-up Study of an Unusual Pattern of Recovery from Bilingual Subcortical Aphasia’, Brain 119: 1551–64. Neurolinguistic and Follow-up Study of an Unusual Pattern of Recovery from Bilingual Subcortical Aphasia Brain 119 1551 64 Google Scholar

Albert, M. and Obler, L. (1975) Mixed Polyglot Aphasia. Victoria, BC: Academy of Aphasia. Mixed Polyglot Aphasia Google Scholar

Alladi, S., Bak, T.H., Duggirala, V., Surampudi, B., Shailaja, M., Shukla, A.K., Chaudhuri, J.R. and Kaul, S. (2013) ‘Bilingualism Delays Age at Onset of Dementia, Independent of Education and Immigration Status’, Neurology 81: 1938–44. Bilingualism Delays Age at Onset of Dementia, Independent of Education and Immigration Status Neurology 81 1938 44 Google Scholar

Alladi, S., Bak, T.H., Mekala, S., Rajan, A., Chaudhuri, J.R., Mioshi, E., Krovvidi, R., Surampudi, B., Duggirala, V. and Kaul, S. (2016) ‘Impact of Bilingualism on Cognitive Outcome After Stroke’, Stroke 47: 258–61. Impact of Bilingualism on Cognitive Outcome After Stroke Stroke 47 258 61 Google Scholar

Antón, E., Thierry, G., Goborov, A., Anasagasti, J. and Duñabeitia, J.A. (2016) ‘Testing Bilingual Educational Methods: A Plea to End the Language‐Mixing Taboo’, Language Learning 66: 29–50. Testing Bilingual Educational Methods: A Plea to End the Language‐Mixing Taboo Language Learning 66 29 50 Google Scholar

Bak, T.H. and Alladi, S. (2014) ‘Can Being Bilingual Affect the Onset of Dementia?’, Future Neurology 9: 101–3. Can Being Bilingual Affect the Onset of Dementia? Future Neurology 9 101 3 Google Scholar

Bak, T.H. and Chandran, S. (2012) ‘What Wires Together Dies Together: Verbs, Actions and Neurodegeneration in Motor Neuron Disease’, Cortex 48: 936–44. What Wires Together Dies Together: Verbs, Actions and Neurodegeneration in Motor Neuron Disease Cortex 48 936 44 Google Scholar

Bak, T.H. and Mehmedbegovic, D. (2017) ‘Healthy Linguistic Diet: The Value of Linguistic Diversity and Language Learning across the Lifespan’, Journal of Languages, Society and Policy. Available at: http://www.meits.org/policy-papers/paper/healthy-linguistic-diet (accessed 18 October 2017). Google Scholar

Bak, T.H., Long, M.R., Vega-Mendoza, M. and Sorace, A. (2016) ‘Novelty, Challenge, and Practice: The Impact of Intensive Language Learning on Attentional Functions’, PloS one 11: e0153485. Novelty, Challenge, and Practice: The Impact of Intensive Language Learning on Attentional Functions PloS one 11 Google Scholar

Bak, T.H., Nissan, J.J., Allerhand, M.M. and Deary, I.J. (2014a) ‘Does Bilingualism Influence Cognitive Aging?’, Annals of Neurology 75(6): 959–63. Does Bilingualism Influence Cognitive Aging? Annals of Neurology 75 959 63 Google Scholar

Bak, T.H., Vega-Mendoza, M. and Sorace, A. (2014b) ‘Never Too Late? An Advantage on Tests of Auditory Attention Extends to Late Bilinguals’, Frontiers in Psychology 5: 485. Never Too Late? An Advantage on Tests of Auditory Attention Extends to Late Bilinguals Frontiers in Psychology 5 Google Scholar

Balasubramanian, A. and Bose, A. (2016) ‘Manifestation of Agrammatism in Hindi-English Bilingual Aphasia’, Front. Psychol. Conference Abstract: 54th Annual Academy of Aphasia Meeting. Manifestation of Agrammatism in Hindi-English Bilingual Aphasia Google Scholar

Bialystok, E. (1988) ‘Levels of Bilingualism and Levels of Linguistic Awareness’, Developmental Psychology 24: 560. Levels of Bilingualism and Levels of Linguistic Awareness Developmental Psychology 24 Google Scholar

Bialystok, E. (2009) ‘Bilingualism: The Good, the Bad, and the Indifferent’, Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 12: 3–11. Bilingualism: The Good, the Bad, and the Indifferent Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 12 3 11 Google Scholar

Blommaert, J., Creve, L. and Willaert, E. (2006) ‘On Being Declared Illiterate: Language-Ideological Disqualification in Dutch Classes for Immigrants in Belgium’, Language and Communication 26: 34–54. On Being Declared Illiterate: Language-Ideological Disqualification in Dutch Classes for Immigrants in Belgium Language and Communication 26 34 54 Google Scholar

British Council (2017) Language Trends Survey 2016/17. Available at: https://www. britishcouncil.org/education/schools/support-for-languages/thought-leadership/research-report/language-trends-2016-17 (accessed 18 October 2017). Google Scholar

Broer, T., Pickersgill, M. and Deary, I.J. (2016) ‘The Movement of Research from the Laboratory to the Living Room: A Case Study of Public Engagement with Cognitive Science’, Neuroethics 9: 159–71. The Movement of Research from the Laboratory to the Living Room: A Case Study of Public Engagement with Cognitive Science Neuroethics 9 159 71 Google Scholar

Collier, V.P. and Thomas, W.P. (2007) ‘Predicting Second Language Academic Success in English Using the Prism Model’, International Handbook of English Language Teaching 333–48. Predicting Second Language Academic Success in English Using the Prism Model International Handbook of English Language Teaching 333 48 Google Scholar

Cooke, M. (2008) ‘“What We Might Become”: The Lives, Aspirations, and Education of Young Migrants in the London Area’, Journal of Language Identity and Education 7(1): 22–40. “What We Might Become”: The Lives, Aspirations, and Education of Young Migrants in the London Area Journal of Language Identity and Education 7 22 40 Google Scholar

Cooke, M., Bryers, D. and Winstanley, B. (2014) ‘Whose Integration?’, in D. Mallows (ed.), Language Issues in Migration and Integration: Perspectives from Teachers and Learners. London: British Council, 19–35. Whose Integration? Language Issues in Migration and Integration: Perspectives from Teachers and Learners 19 35 Google Scholar

Cummins, J. (1978) ‘Bilingualism and the Development of Metalinguistic Awareness’, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 9: 131–49. Bilingualism and the Development of Metalinguistic Awareness Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 9 131 49 Google Scholar

Cummins, J. (1991) ‘Interdependence of First-and Second-Language Proficiency in Bilingual Children’, in E. Bialystock (ed.), Language Processing in Bilingual Children. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 70–89. Interdependence of First-and Second-Language Proficiency in Bilingual Children Language Processing in Bilingual Children 70 89 Google Scholar

Cummins, J. (2000) Language, Power, and Pedagogy: Bilingual Children in the Crossfire. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. Language, Power, and Pedagogy: Bilingual Children in the Crossfire. Google Scholar

de Bruin, A., Della Sala, S. and Bak, T.H. (2016) ‘The Effects of Language Use on Lexical Processing in Bilinguals’, Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 1–8. The Effects of Language Use on Lexical Processing in Bilinguals Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 1 8 Google Scholar

European Commission (forthcoming) Rethinking Education. Interim Report. Google Scholar

Eurostats. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statisticsexplained/index.php/Foreign_language_learning_statistics (accessed 18 October 2017). Google Scholar

Eversley, J, Mehmedbegovic, D, Sanderson, A, Tinsley, T and Wiggins, D.R. (2010) Language Capital: Mapping the Languages of London’s School Children. London: IOE and CILT. Language Capital: Mapping the Languages of London’s School Children Google Scholar

Eviatar, Z. and Ibrahim, R. (2000) ‘Bilingual is as Bilingual Does: Metalinguistic Abilities of Arabic-Speaking Children’, Applied Psycholinguistics 21: 451–71. Bilingual is as Bilingual Does: Metalinguistic Abilities of Arabic-Speaking Children Applied Psycholinguistics 21 451 71 Google Scholar

Féart, C., Samieri, C., Rondeau, V., Amieva, H., Portet, F., Dartigues, J.-F., Scarmeas, N. and Barberger-Gateau, P. (2009) ‘Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet, Cognitive Decline, and Risk of Dementia’, Jama 302: 638–48. Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet, Cognitive Decline, and Risk of Dementia Jama 302 638 48 Google Scholar

Freedman, M., Alladi, S., Chertkow, H., Bialystok, E., Craik, F.I., Phillips, N.A., Duggirala, V., Raju, S.B. and Bak, T.H. (2014) ‘Delaying Onset of Dementia: Are Two Languages Enough?’, Behavioural Neurology 2014: Article ID 808137, 1–8. Delaying Onset of Dementia: Are Two Languages Enough? Behavioural Neurology 1 8 Google Scholar

Green, D.W. and Abutalebi, J. (2016) ‘Language Control and the Neuroanatomy of Bilingualism: In Praise of Variety’, Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 31: 340–4. Language Control and the Neuroanatomy of Bilingualism: In Praise of Variety Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 31 340 4 Google Scholar

Hall, D., Griffiths, D., Haslam, L. and Wilkin, Y (2012) Assessing the Needs of Bilingual Pupils: Living in Two Languages. Abingdon: Routledge. Assessing the Needs of Bilingual Pupils: Living in Two Languages Google Scholar

IOE (2009) The National Teaching Workforce for EAL Report. The London Digest, 5, IOE, London: IOE. Google Scholar

Kenner, C. (2004) ‘Living in Simultaneous Worlds: Difference and Integration in Bilingual Script-Learning’, International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 7: 43–61. Living in Simultaneous Worlds: Difference and Integration in Bilingual Script-Learning International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 7 43 61 Google Scholar

Li, C., Nuttall, R.L. and Zhao, S. (1999) ‘The Effect of Writing Chinese Characters on Success on the Water-Level Task’, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 30: 91–105. The Effect of Writing Chinese Characters on Success on the Water-Level Task Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 30 91 105 Google Scholar

Mehmedbegovic, D. (2011) A Study in Attitudes to Minority Languages in England and Wales. Germany: Lambert Academic Publishing. A Study in Attitudes to Minority Languages in England and Wales. Google Scholar

Mehmedbegovic, D., Skrandies, P., Byrne, N. and Harding-Esch, P. (2015) Multilingualism in London. LUCIDE City Report, Research Report, London: LSE. Multilingualism in London Google Scholar

Mehmedbegovic, D. (forthcoming) ‘Engaging with Linguistic Diversity in Global Cities: Arguing for “Language Hierarchy Free” Policy and Practice in Education’, Open Linguistics Journal. Engaging with Linguistic Diversity in Global Cities: Arguing for “Language Hierarchy Free” Policy and Practice in Education Open Linguistics Journal. Google Scholar

Myles, F. (2017) ‘Learning Foreign Languages in Primary Schools: Is Younger Better?’, Journal of Languages, Society and Policy. Available at: http://www.meits.org/policy-papers/paper/healthy-linguistic-diet (accessed 18 October 2017). Google Scholar

Ozawa, M., Ninomiya, T., Ohara, T., Doi, Y., Uchida, K., Shirota, T., Yonemoto, K., Kitazono, T. and Kiyohara, Y. (2013) ‘Dietary Patterns and Risk of Dementia in an Elderly Japanese Population: The Hisayama Study’, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 97: 1076–82. Dietary Patterns and Risk of Dementia in an Elderly Japanese Population: The Hisayama Study American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 97 1076 82 Google Scholar

Peal, E. and Lambert, W.E. (1962) The Relation of Bilingualism to Intelligence. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied 76/1. Washington, USA. The Relation of Bilingualism to Intelligence. Google Scholar

Piaget, J. (1929) The Child’s Concept of the World. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. The Child’s Concept of the World Google Scholar

Ricciardelli, L.A. (1992) ‘Bilingualism and Cognitive Development in Relation to Threshold Theory’, Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 21: 301–16. Bilingualism and Cognitive Development in Relation to Threshold Theory Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 21 301 16 Google Scholar

Rosenblum, T. and Pinker, S.A. (1983) ‘Word Magic Revisited: Monolingual and Bilingual Children’s Understanding of the Word-Object Relationship’, Child Development 773–80. Word Magic Revisited: Monolingual and Bilingual Children’s Understanding of the Word-Object Relationship Child Development 773 80 Google Scholar

Seeley, W.W., Crawford, R.K., Zhou, J., Miller, B.L. and Greicius, M.D. (2009) ‘Neurode-generative Diseases Target Large-Scale Human Brain Networks’, Neuron 62: 42–52. Neurode-generative Diseases Target Large-Scale Human Brain Networks Neuron 62 42 52 Google Scholar

Tsimpli, I.M. (2017) ‘Multilingual Education for Multilingual Speakers, Journal of Languages, Society and Policy’, http://www.meits.org/policy-papers/category/ianthi-maria-tsimpli (accessed 18 October 2017). Google Scholar

Vega-Mendoza, M., West, H., Sorace, A. and Bak, T.H. (2015) ‘The Impact of Late, Non-Balanced Bilingualism on Cognitive Performance’, Cognition 137: 40–6. The Impact of Late, Non-Balanced Bilingualism on Cognitive Performance Cognition 137 40 6 Google Scholar

Vygotsky, L.S. (1962) Language and Thought. Ontario, Canada: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press. Language and Thought Google Scholar

World Health Organization (2012) Dementia: A Public Health Priority. Available at: http://www.who.int/mental_health/publications/dementia_report_2012/en/ (accessed 18 October 2017). Google Scholar

Zanini, S., Tavano, A., Vorano, L., Schiavo, F., Gigli, G.L., Aglioti, S.M. and Fabbro, F. (2004) ‘Greater Syntactic Impairments in Native Language in Bilingual Parkinsonian Patients’, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 75: 1678–81. Greater Syntactic Impairments in Native Language in Bilingual Parkinsonian Patients Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 75 1678 81 Google Scholar